Pakistan's new approach to tackling militancy is becoming more concerning as its military's anti-terror operation, 'Azm-e-Istehkam' (Resolve for Stability), increasingly targets what it calls "digital terrorism." Chief of Army Staff General Asim Munir has repeatedly warned that digital platforms are being used to spread misinformation and stir unrest against state institutions.
Launched in June, the operation addresses both traditional militancy, especially with rising attacks by groups like the Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), and new digital threats. However, rights activists worry that the term "digital terrorism" is vague and could be used to silence online critics of the military or government.
Munir has often expressed concerns about social media's role in spreading "negative propaganda" that could harm Pakistan's security. He has emphasised the military's readiness to combat these threats while urging respect for constitutional limits on freedom of speech, especially those against incitement to violence and undermining national security.
At the same time, Pakistan has seen increasing internet restrictions, with users reporting significant slowdowns in recent months. This has led to speculation that the military may be using a national internet firewall to control information flow, particularly amid growing political tensions following the ouster of former Prime Minister Imran Khan. Since Khan's removal, digital activism has surged, with social media being crucial for organising protests and challenging the military's role in politics.
The ongoing internet slowdowns have raised further concerns that the military is using its digital infrastructure to suppress dissent. Some have drawn comparisons to China's strict internet regulations, suggesting that Pakistan may be moving toward similar state-controlled digital censorship.