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A new COVID-19 variant, known as XEC, has been identified in the United States. The strain, which has been gaining traction in recent weeks, accounts for approximately 5.7 per cent of new cases in the past two weeks, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
While experts remain uncertain about the extent of XEC's spread, its emergence has raised concerns about the ongoing evolution of the virus. "We don't know if it will become a major player," said Dr Peter Chin-Hong, an infectious disease specialist at the University of California, San Francisco. "But it has the characteristics that could make it a variant to watch."
XEC, a recombinant of two other strains, was first detected in May. It has rapidly spread in parts of Europe, prompting concerns about its potential impact in the United States. However, there is currently no evidence to suggest that XEC is more contagious or causes more severe illness than existing variants.
Is XEC More Transmissible?
Early data indicates that the XEC variant may have increased transmissibility compared to earlier strains, particularly due to its Omicron lineage, known for its rapid spread across populations. However, it’s important to note that increased transmissibility does not necessarily translate to increased severity.
Epidemiologists are closely monitoring the spread of XEC in certain regions to determine whether it is surpassing other variants. Recent reports from countries like the UK and South Africa suggest a rise in cases linked to this variant, though it is too early to confirm whether it will become the dominant strain globally.
Impact on Vaccine Effectiveness
One of the most pressing concerns with any new variant is its ability to evade immunity, either from previous infection or vaccination. While no conclusive evidence has been presented yet, XEC’s level of vaccine resistance—has led scientists to investigate how well current vaccines will protect against it.
Initial findings suggest that vaccines, particularly those with bivalent boosters targeting Omicron, still offer protection against severe illness and hospitalization. However, breakthrough infections are possible, especially among people who have not received recent booster doses. Health authorities worldwide are encouraging high-risk populations to stay up to date on their vaccinations to maintain immunity.
Symptoms and Severity Of COVID-19 XEC Variant
The symptoms associated with the XEC variant are similar to those caused by Omicron. Common symptoms include fever, fatigue, sore throat, runny nose, and headaches, with some people experiencing a persistent cough. One of the more notable characteristics of Omicron-based variants, including XEC, is their tendency to primarily affect the upper respiratory tract, leading to milder symptoms for most people compared to earlier strains like Delta, which often caused more severe lower respiratory symptoms.
Health officials warn that people with underlying health conditions, the elderly, and the immunocompromised are still at risk of severe disease. Hospitalization rates among these groups remain higher, and the potential for long COVID symptoms persists.
How To Keep Yourself Safe?
As the new XEC variant of COVID-19 emerges, it’s essential to take proactive measures to protect yourself and others. Here are some key tips to stay safe:
– Stay Up-to-Date with Vaccinations
Ensure that you and your loved ones are fully vaccinated, including receiving booster doses. Updated vaccines, especially those targeting newer variants, can provide strong protection against severe illness and hospitalization.
– Wear Masks in Crowded Spaces
Wearing a high-quality mask, such as an N95 or KN95, in crowded indoor environments or public transportation can significantly reduce the risk of transmission.
– Practice Good Hygiene
Frequent handwashing with soap, using hand sanitiser, and avoiding touching your face can help minimize the spread of germs.
– Maintain Social Distancing
When possible, keep a safe distance from others, especially in poorly ventilated or crowded areas.
– Boost Indoor Ventilation
Ensure good air circulation in indoor spaces by keeping windows open or using air purifiers to reduce airborne virus particles.